What should I pack for a city break in Morocco?

A Moroccan city break — most often Marrakech, Fes or a pairing of both — is really a walking holiday, so I build every city packing list around footwear first. The medinas are a maze of narrow, cobbled, often uneven lanes, and you will easily clock fifteen thousand steps a day weaving through souks. Comfortable, closed, broken-in walking shoes or trainers are the single best thing you can pack; heels and delicate sandals are a recipe for turned ankles and ruined straps. I keep one neat pair of shoes for a smart dinner and live in the comfortable pair the rest of the time.

Clothing should be modest, breathable and easy to layer. The cities are conservative enough that covering shoulders and knees keeps you comfortable and respectful, especially as a woman wandering local neighbourhoods away from the tourist core. Loose cotton trousers, midi dresses, tunics and long-sleeved tops work in any season; in winter add a sweater and jacket for the cold evenings, and in summer keep everything light and pale. A scarf is the city traveller's best friend — it dresses up an outfit, covers shoulders when you step into a mosque courtyard or madrasa, and shades you in the midday souk.

Security is worth a thought in busy medinas and the famous squares. I always recommend a crossbody or anti-theft bag worn to the front in crowds rather than a backpack you cannot see, and I tell clients to leave expensive jewellery and excess cash at the riad. A small daypack is handy for water, a camera and your purchases, but keep it zipped and in front of you on Jemaa el-Fnaa, where the crowds are thickest. Cash in small denominations is useful, as many medina stalls and the best street food do not take cards.

A few finishing touches make the difference between a smooth city break and a frustrating one. One slightly smarter outfit lets you enjoy the wonderful rooftop and riad restaurants without feeling underdressed. Sunglasses, SPF and a refillable water bottle handle the strong sun. A type C/E adapter charges everything. And pack light overall — riad rooms are often reached up tight stairways with no lift, porters appreciate a manageable bag, and you will want room to bring home a lamp, a rug or a kilo of spices. A carry-on plus a daypack is plenty for a city break of a week or less.